SCI 5700 Life Science Workshop for Teachers (1-3 hrs.)
This course will involve participants in several activities especially designed to help them achieve an understanding of some of the important concepts in biology. This course is designed and taught to address the needs of K-12 teachers. It is a variable topics course and may be repeated for credit if different topics are involved. It is intended for delivery in a one to two week workshop format. Prerequisite: Teacher certification or baccalaureate plus work toward certification.

SCI 5800 Chemistry Workshop for Teachers (1-3 hrs.)
This course will involve participants in several activities especially designed to help them achieve an understanding of some of the important concepts in chemistry. This course is designed and taught to address the needs of K-12 teachers. It is a variable topics course and may be repeated for credit if different topics are involved. It is intended for delivery in a one to two week workshop format. Prerequisite: Teacher certification or baccalaureate plus work toward certification.

SCI 5850 Physics Workshop for Teachers (1-3 hrs.)
This course will involve participants in several activities especially designed to help them achieve an understanding of some of the important concepts in physics. This course is designed and taught to address the needs of K-12 teachers. It is a variable topics course and may be repeated for credit if different topics are involved. It is intended for delivery in a one to two week workshop format. Prerequisite: Teacher certification or baccalaureate plus work toward certification.

SCI 5900 Earth Science Workshop for Teachers (1-3 hrs.)
This course will involve participants in several activities especially designed to help them achieve an understanding of some of the important concepts in earth science. This course is designed and taught to address the needs of K-12 teachers. It is a variable topics course and may be repeated for credit if different topics are involved. It is intended for delivery in a one to two week workshop format. Prerequisite: Teacher certification or baccalaureate plus work toward certification.

SCI 5980 Readings in Science (1-4 hrs.)
To be used by students seeking work in topics not otherwise available. The student is limited to not more than four hours in all reading courses and work must be completed under a member of the graduate faculty.

SCI 6010 Problems in Science Education (1-4 hrs.)
This independent study course allows students to study various problems in Science Education under the direction of a supervising faculty member. Individual or small groups of qualified students may be involved in these problem areas, reflecting the current concerns of Science Education. The course is designed to meet the needs of students for first-hand experience in field or laboratory research, pilot projects testing new ideas or concepts, or developing learning materials or resources. The course may be repeated for up to four hours of credit.

SCI 6100 Science for Elementary Teachers (2-3 hrs.)
This course is designed specifically for elementary and (junior high) school teachers who have little or no science background. The course has no prerequisites and prospective teachers as well as experienced teachers are welcome. The objectives of the course are to acquaint teachers with the major concepts of science important at the K-8 level and the appropriate methods of teaching those concepts to children. Science activities and learning by doing will be stressed, and resources for teaching science will be examined.

SCI 6140 Science: Historical and Philosophical Perspectives (3 hrs.)
This course utilizes work in the history and philosophy of science to provide a critical perspective for dealing with the question: "What about science is most important for students to know?" The course will address the nature of scientific disciplines (the theory and problems that characterize them); the relations between theory and empirical work; and the nature of theory change in the sciences. 6140 is meant to provide a broad foundation for subsequent curriculum development, instructional design, and research into the teaching and learning of the sciences.

SCI 6150 Science Education: Historical and Philosophical Foundations (3 hrs.)
This course will familiarize students with the history of science education in the United States, leading up to current national reform efforts. This historical approach will provide a foundation to address curriculum and literacy issues as well as the relevance of history and philosophy to these concerns. The course addresses two themes or "common places" of education in a science education context - the social milieu and the curriculum.

SCI 6160 Science Education: Models of Learning and Teaching (3 hrs.)
In this course we do a preliminary survey of basic concepts and research in the sciences of learning. Research emerging from contemporary cognitive psychology has much to offer education. In SCI 6160 we focus on the connections between cognitive psychology, cognitive science and effective learning. Some of the major theoretical orientations considered are those of Piaget, Vygotsky, the theories of conceptual development, information-processing psychology and connectionism.

SCI 6170 Science Education: Research Traditions (3 hrs.)
This course is designed to familiarize students with the more productive research traditions in science education and their historical, philosophical and methodological foundations. Each offering of the course focuses upon a particular tradition, for example, problem solving research or conceptual change research. The course may be repeated for credit.

SCI 6200 Topics in Science Education (2-6 hrs.)
This course will present, analyze and evaluate methods and techniques of teaching science. Topics may include new approaches for teaching science, new science curriculum, laboratory practices, science education research, motivational techniques, and other methodological problems confronting science teachers. Course content may vary, and the course may be repeated for credit provided different topics are involved.

SCI 6210 Topics in Science (2-6 hrs.)
This course is designed to examine various scientific concepts and new developments of interest to science teachers. Each course will be subtitled, and the content will vary to reflect the various sciences, new developments and emphases, and the needs of the science teaching community. The course may be repeated for credit provided different topics are involved.

SCI 6250 Environmental Science Seminar (3 hrs.)
Analysis of case studies of environmental problems. Covers the scientific, social, and political problems involved in environmental action and will include experiences of management of energy and material resources. May be repeated for credit up to a maximum of six hours.

SCI 6900 Science Education Seminar (3 hrs.)
Designed to provide an integrating experience for students in the Science Education graduate programs. The topics covered in the seminar will vary from one semester to the next. May be repeated for credit.

SCI 7000 Masters Thesis (1-6 hrs.)
Candidates for the master's degree may elect to write a thesis in their field of specialization under the supervision of a thesis committee. Prior to registering for 7000, Master's Thesis, a Permission to Elect form (available in all departments) must be completed and the student must meet with the Dissertation Assistant in The Graduate College so that the student is informed about the regulations pertaining to the preparation and publication of the manuscript and to the requirements for research involving regulated subjects and hazardous materials. Masters theses involving research with protected or regulated subjects must include documentation indicating compliance with federal, state, and University requirements for the protection of human/animal subjects or appropriate use of genetic or radioactive materials and chemical hazards. Written approval from the board/committee/officer must be included as an appendix to the thesis. The use of Guidelines for the Preparation of Theses, Projects, and Dissertations is required. This publication is available for purchase in Western's Campus Bookstore. A master's thesis is six credit hours. It may be registered in increments of one (1) to six (6) hours. Following a student's first enrollment in 7000, the student will enroll in 7000 in each semester/session continuously until all the thesis requirements are completed satisfactorily and approved by the appropriate bodies. A student unable to complete the thesis within the first six hours of registration will be required to continue to enroll in 7000; however, only six hours of 7000 will count toward meeting the program requirements for the degree. The thesis is graded on a Credit/No Credit basis. In case a student wishes to appeal a negative decision by the student's master's thesis committee, the student shall first take the appeal to the same committee, which will hear the appeal and render a decision. In case a master's thesis committee cannot reach unanimous agreement and the student wishes to appeal further a negative decision, a Review Committee shall be established consisting of the Dean of The Graduate College, the appropriate academic dean, and the chairperson or director of the unit. The Review Committee shall seek to resolve the controversy without passing on the thesis. The Review Committee handling such a case is limited to procedural actions, such as reconstituting the thesis committee if the case merits it.

SCI 7100 Independent Research (2-6 hrs.)
Designed for highly qualified advanced graduate students, or small groups, who wish to pursue individual studies or projects under the direction of a member of the Graduate Faculty. A Permission to Elect form, signed by the student's graduate advisor and the faculty supervisor, must be submitted to the Records Office prior to registration. Graded on a Credit/No Credit basis.

SCI 7300 Doctoral Dissertation (1-15 hrs.)
The Doctoral Dissertation is required in all doctoral programs and is completed under the supervision of a dissertation committee. Prior to registering for 7300, Doctoral Dissertation, a Permission to Elect form (available in all departments) must be completed and the student must meet with the Dissertation Assistant in The Graduate College so that the student is informed about the regulations pertaining to the preparation and publication of the manuscript and to the requirements for research involving regulated subjects and hazardous materials. Doctoral dissertations involving research with protected or regulated subjects must include documentation indicating compliance with federal, state, and University requirements for the protection of human/animal subjects or appropriate use of genetic or radioactive materials and chemical hazards. Written approval from the board/committee/officer must be included as an appendix to the dissertation. The use of Guidelines for the Preparation of Theses, Projects, and Dissertations is required. This publication is available for purchase in Western's Campus Bookstore. A doctoral dissertation varies in credit from a minimum of 12 credit hours to a maximum of 24 credit hours. The hours required in a program of study are determined by the student's department. GRAD 7300 may be registered for in increments of one (1) or more hours. Following a student's first enrollment in 7300, the student must enroll in 7300 in each semester/session continuously until all dissertation requirements are completed satisfactorily and approved by the appropriate bodies. A student unable to complete the dissertation within the number hours stipulated in the student's approved program of study will be required to continue to enroll in 7300; however, only those hours stipulated in the student's approved program of study will count toward meeting the program requirements for the degree. The dissertation is graded on a Credit/No Credit basis. In case a student wishes to appeal a negative decision by the student's doctoral dissertation committee, the student shall first take the appeal to the same committee, which will hear the appeal and render a decision. In case a master's thesis committee cannot reach unanimous agreement and the student wishes to appeal further a negative decision, a Review Committee shall be established consisting of the Dean of The Graduate College, the appropriate academic dean, and the chairperson or director of the unit. The Review Committee shall seek to resolve the controversy without passing on the dissertation. The Review Committee handling such a case is limited to procedural actions, such as reconstituting the doctoral dissertation committee if the case merits it. All doctoral dissertations will be microfilmed by University Microfilms Inc. The student is also required to prepare an abstract of the dissertation for publication in Dissertation Abstracts International.

SCI 7350 Graduate Research (2-10 hrs.)
Units offering doctoral programs may use this number to designate research projects for their doctoral students. Such projects may be taken more than once by the students. Permission of instructor is required. Graded on a Credit/No Credit basis.