E. Franklin Frazier's Theory of the Black Family:  Vindication and Sociologist Insight
Clovis E. Semmes
Despite many accolades, E. Franklin Frazier, the first African American to be elected to the American Sociological Society, is also an object of scorn.  Specifically, some accuse Frazier of a view that blames the ills of the Black community on female-headed households, illegitimacy, and family disorganization.  Some also accuse Frazier of characterizing the Black family as broken and pathological and the opinion that families must be formal and nuclear in order to be viable.  This paper argues that these representations of Frazier are mistaken and offers a more accurate and holistic portrayal of Frazier's sociological judgments and theorizing regarding the African-American family.

Biracial Sensitive Practice: Expanding Social Services to an Invisible Population
Ronald E. Hall
Although literature acknowledges the existence of a biracial population, there has been minimal discussion about the differences indicative of biracial clients and how these difference impact provision of services.  Too frequently, race criterion has been utilized to categorize biracial clients resulting in an all but invisible population.  A biracial individual may then assume a multiplicity of identities including African-, Asian-, Latino-, and Native-American, when negotiating with macro institutions including social services.  As an alternative to racial paradigms, identity across the lifespan is suggested as a more comprehensive model for biracial clients.  In the aftermath said clients will be rendered visible by identity models that prevail less on the basis of race and more on the basis of experience extended across the lifespan. Work Values of Students and their Success in Studying at the Study Centre for Social Work in Zagreb, Croatia Mladen Knezevic & Marija Ovsenik Work values are relatively common and permanent foals that we want to achieve through our professional roles.  According to a number of research studies, work values are acquired relatively early in the process of socialization, and they are relatively strong and unchangeable. In this article we investigate the question, whether among the students of social work there is any relation between such gained work values and success in studying. The results show that the value of altruism, which most characteristically distinguishes social work as a profession, is significantly correlated with success in studying.  On the other hand, the correlation between utilitarian values and successful study is inverted.

From Plan Closure to Reemployment in the New Economy: Risks to Workers Dislocated from the Declining Garment Manufacturing Industry
Cynthis Rocha
The current study investigates financial and emotional consequences to workers as the U.S. economy continues to shift from a manufacturing to a service economy.  One hundred eighty-eight garment workers were surveyed before their plant closed in 1998 and six months later to assess reemployment opportunities, financial difficulty, and emotional well-being.  All workers experienced some financial difficulty after the plant closed, with single parents reporting the greatest financial difficulty. Workers who became immediately reemployed lost an average of $2.41 in wages per hour.  Sixteen percent of the sample lost their health insurance.  Overall depression and anxiety scores declined over six months, but not evenly.  Men and single women did not significantly decline in depression or anxiety.  Financial difficulty was the most important predicator for both depression and anxiety.  Financial difficulty was the most important predictor for both depression and and anxiety.  Immediate reemployment serviced to increase depression in the presence of financial difficulty.

Beyond the Rank and File Movement: Mary van Kleeck and Social Work Radicalism in the Great Depression, 1931-1942
Patrick Selmi & Richard Hunter
In this article we critically examine the radical views and actions of Mary van Kleeck during the Great Depression.  As the Director of Industrial Studies for the Russell Sage Foundation, van Kleeck was arguable the most prominent radical woman affiliated with social work during the Great Depression; however, current scholarship[ has limited her contributions to social work's radical minded rank and file movement.  In this study, we redress this situation through an analysis of her work both within and without the rank and file movement.  We pay special attention to her efforts to promote social planning, organized labor, and advanced technology as ways to resolve the Great Depression, and we identify how her views were distilled from social work's founding knowledge base within modern social science.  We conclude b y revealing both positive and negative
implications of her work for contemporary social workers struggling to address various social issues associated with economic globalization, advanced technology, and America's declining commitment to the welfare state.

Welfare Reform Sanctions and Financial Strain in a Food-Pantry Sample
Jean Oggins & Amy Fleming
Survey and interview data about life after welfare reform were collected from food pantry clients in upstate New York in 1997 and 1999.  By 1999, respondents were increasingly likely to have no work or benefits.  Having no work or benefits was also associated with having been penalized (sanctioned) for not working or for noncompliance with welfare rules.  Sanctions for not working averaged 89 days.  Clients sanctioned for job loss tended to report problems with health ( including children's health). Sanctioned individuals reported relatively high levels of financial strain, unstable housing, children's changing schools, and lack of a phone.  Implications for policy and practice are discussed.

Managed Care and Social Work: Practice Implications in an Era of Change
Sophia F. Dziegielewski & Diane C. Holliman
The purpose of this article is to explore the role of the clinical social worker in a time of unprecedented change. The events of the last decade have transformed health care delivery as well as professional performance expectations.  To facilitate understanding, the environmental considerations that surround these changes are traced and discussed.  A direct linkage is made to clinical social work practice and suggestions for the future survival of the profession is discussed.  These suggestions include: (1) a greater focus on behaviorally-based outcomes that result in cost-beneficial service provision; (2) increased marketing of social work services to health care providers; (3) promotion of social work services as an integral part of the success of the interdisciplinary team; (4) incorporate a macro perspective into micro or clinical practice approaches; and, (5) explore non-traditional roles for social work professionals to expand their current practice area.

Changing Patterns of Acute Psychiatric Hospitalization under a Public Managed Care Program
Christopher G. Hudson
This study evaluates changes in patterns of acute psychiatric hospitalization under Massachusetts' Medicaid-funded Mental Health and Substance Abuse (MMHSA) carve-out program. The data consists of the Case Mix database, for FY 1996 and FY 1997, compiled by the states Division of Health Care Finance and Policy, on all acute hospital episodes in the state. Key comparisons involve hospital utilization during the nine months preceding the 1996 implementation of the current expanded carve-out program and the subsequent 15 months of its implementation. Secondary comparisons are made between patients funded by the state's two major Medicaid programs, its behavioral carve-out and its contracted HMOs, as well as with other cohorts. Key variables include demographic and diagnostic measures, length of stay and recidivism, source of referral, insurance, socioeconomic characteristics of zip code of residence, and transfers between programs.

Findings include lower than anticipated rates of transfer from the free-care program to the behavioral carve-out program and higher than average and increasing levels of recidivism for patients in the behavioral carve-out program. The final model, based on a Cox regression analysis, correctly predicts 62.9% of the rehospitalization experience, a statistically significant portion of which was attributable to type of insurance overage. The study also shows that neither the carve-out nor the HMO model of managed care are clearly superior one another.
 
BOOK REVIEWS
The Struggle for Control of Public Education: Market Ideology vs. Democratic Values. Michael Engel.
Reviewed by Leon Ginsberg

Philanthropic Foundations for the Twentieth Century. Joseph C. Kiger.
Reviewed by Ralph Kramer

Principles of Social Justice. David Mill.
Reviewed by Dorothy Van Soest

Open Moral Communities. Seymore J. Mandelbaum.
Reviewed by Alice K. Johnson

Challenges of Urban Education: Sociological Perspectives for the Next Century. Karen A. McClafferty, Carlos AlbrtoTorres and Theodore R. Mitchell (Eds.).
Reviewed by Chand Ellett

Social Work Education: Its Origins in Europe. Katherine Kendall.
Creating a New Profession: The Beginnings of Social Work Education in the Unites States. Leslie Leighninger.
Reviewed by James Midgley

BOOK NOTES
A Short History of Sociological Theory.
Alan Swinglewood

The Female Circumcision Controversy: An Anthropoligical Perspective.
Ellen Greunbaum

Citizenship and Migration: Globalization and the Politics of Belonging.
Stephen Castles and Alastair Davidson

Unemployment and Government: Genealogies of the Social.
William Walters

The Postmodern Presidency: Bill Clinton's Legacy in U.S. Politics.
Steven E. Schier (Ed.)