Dissertation Archive, WMU Graduate College

Dissertation Defense

Candidate: Hyon Kook Lee

Degree of: Doctor of Philosophy

Department: Paper Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Imaging

Title: Fumed Metallic Oxides and Conventional Pigments for Glossy Inkjet Paper

Date: Friday, October 15, 2004 12:00 p.m.-2:00 p.m.
B231 Parkview Campus

Committee: Dr. Margaret Joyce, Chair
Dr. Paul D. Fleming
Dr. Molly Williams

Abstract: Product development activity in the area of inkjet printing papers has accelerated greatly to meet the rapidly growing market for inkjet papers. Advancements in inkjet printing technology have also placed new demands on the paper substrate due to faster printing rates, greater resolution through increased drop volumes, and colorants added to the ink. To meet these requirements, papermakers are turning to pigmented size press formulations or pigmented coating systems. For inkjet coating applications, both the internal porosity of the pigment particles as well as the packing porosity of the coating affect print quality and dry time. Pores between the pigment particles allow for rapid diffusion of ink fluids into the coating structure while also providing capacity for ink fluid uptake. Past research has shown the presence of coating cracks to increase the microroughness of the papers, consequently reducing the gloss of the silica/polyvinyl alcohol based coating colors. Coating cracks were not observed, at the same level of magnification, in the scanning electron microscopy images of alumina/polyvinyl alcohol coated papers. Studies are therefore needed to understand the influence of coating cracking on the microroughening of silica/polyvinyl alcohol based coatings and consequences to coating and ink gloss. Studies are needed to determine if composite pigments can be formulated which would enable the coating solids of the formulations to be increased to minimize the shrinkage of coating layer during drying. Coating solids greater than 55% solids are needed to reduce the difference between application solids and the coating’s immobilization solids point in order to reduce shrinkage. This research consists of five articles: (1) Influence of Pigment Particles on the Gloss and Printability of Inkjet Coated Papers, (2) Influence of Silica and Alumina Oxide Pigments on Coating Structure and Print Quality of Inkjet Papers, (3) Production of a Single Coated Glossy Inkjet Paper Using Conventional Coating and Calendering Methods (4) Influence of Pigment Particle Size and Packing Volume on the Printability of Glossy Inkjet Paper Coatings – Part I, and (5) Influence of Pigment Selection on Printability of Glossy Inkjet Paper Coatings – Part II.
ProModel simulation software is used in conjunction with Microsoft Excel and Visual Basic to create a simulated repetitive manufacturing environment and production planning and control system. The study examines the reported financial performance for the operation under a number of dynamic environmental conditions that would be characteristic of an operation going through a lean program. In the interest of enhancing the application of the results to real world manufacturing a stochastic environment was created through both a highly variable sales demand and a manufacturing process with variation built into each operation.
The results of the study indicate that both gross and net profit, as reported by widely accepted management accounting methods, suffer significant reductions in the early stages of a lean program. The reduction in these key measures continues until either (1) the savings from the reduction in inventory, with associated indirect labor and carrying costs, reach a level sufficient to offset the impact from the liberation of attached costs of inventory tracked on the balance sheet or, (2) the reduction in on-hand inventory ceases. This implies that the erroneous negative impact could continue to be reflected in the financial reports for a considerable period. Five management accounting methods are modeled: full absorption costing, direct costing, activity based costing, throughput costing and, the Meade-Kinsinger method of costing. All methods are shown to exhibit similar results in regard to gross and net profit to varying degrees.

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